A broad and systematic approach to identify B cell malignancy-targeting TCRs for multi-antigen-based T cell therapy

一种广泛而系统的方法来识别针对 B 细胞恶性肿瘤的 TCR,用于多抗原 T 细胞治疗

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作者:Miranda H Meeuwsen, Anne K Wouters, Lorenz Jahn, Renate S Hagedoorn, Michel G D Kester, Dennis F G Remst, Laura T Morton, Dirk M van der Steen, Christiaan Kweekel, Arnoud H de Ru, Marieke Griffioen, Peter A van Veelen, J H Frederik Falkenburg, Mirjam H M Heemskerk

Abstract

CAR T cell therapy has shown great promise for the treatment of B cell malignancies. However, antigen-negative escape variants often cause disease relapse, necessitating the development of multi-antigen-targeting approaches. We propose that a T cell receptor (TCR)-based strategy would increase the number of potential antigenic targets, as peptides from both intracellular and extracellular proteins can be recognized. Here, we aimed to isolate a broad range of promising TCRs targeting multiple antigens for treatment of B cell malignancies. As a first step, 28 target genes for B cell malignancies were selected based on gene expression profiles. Twenty target peptides presented in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A∗01:01, -A∗24:02, -B∗08:01, or -B∗35:01 were identified from the immunopeptidome of B cell malignancies and used to form peptide-HLA (pHLA)-tetramers for T cell isolation. Target-peptide-specific CD8 T cells were isolated from HLA-mismatched healthy donors and subjected to a stringent stepwise selection procedure to ensure potency and eliminate cross-reactivity. In total, five T cell clones specific for FCRL5 in HLA-A∗01:01, VPREB3 in HLA-A∗24:02, and BOB1 in HLA-B∗35:01 recognized B cell malignancies. For all three specificities, TCR gene transfer into CD8 T cells resulted in cytokine production and efficient killing of multiple B cell malignancies. In conclusion, using this systematic approach we successfully identified three promising TCRs for T cell therapy against B cell malignancies.

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