Abstract
Available models to study neuropathological diseases include cell cultures and animal models. Brain pathologies, however, are often poorly recapitulated in animal models. 2D cell culture systems are well established and have been used since the early 1900s to grow cells on flat dishes. However, conventional 2D neural culture systems, which lack key features of the brain's 3D microenvironment, often inaccurately represent the diversity and maturation of multiple cell types and their interaction under physiological and pathological conditions.To improve CNS modeling, we have designed a 3D bioengineered neural tissue model generated from human iPSC-derived neural precursor cells (NPCs). This NPC-derived biomaterial scaffold, composed of silk fibroin with an intercalated hydrogel, matches the mechanical properties of native brain tissue and supports the long-term differentiation of neural cells in a donut-shaped sponge within an optically clear central window. This chapter describes integrating iPSC-derived NPCs in these silk-collagen scaffolds and differentiating them into neural cells over time.