Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination administered before viral exposure (i.e., prior to sexual debut) effectively prevents infection with vaccine-type HPV strains and associated diseases, including cervical cancer. To advance HPV vaccination efforts and cervical cancer prevention, China has incorporated the bivalent HPV vaccine (types 16/18) into its National Immunization Program (NIP) as a program vaccine. This Policy Note presents comprehensive technical and implementation guidelines for HPV vaccine deployment, encompassing guidance development methodology, target population definition, routine vaccination schedules, catch-up vaccination protocols, implementation strategies, vaccine coverage and adverse event monitoring plans, and anticipated implementation challenges with proposed mitigation measures. The Vaccine Technical Working Groups of the China CDC developed relevant technical recommendations and guidelines, which were officially issued in November 2025.